Cvičenie 6

Flag for a country

flag.txt

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% %                                                                         % %
% %     WHICH FLAG FOR THE NEW STATE?                                       % %
% %                                                                         % %
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%                                                                             %
%   A small new state has been founded in Europe. A passionate debate about   %
%   its national flag results in the following consensus: The flag consists   %
%   of three horizontal stripes, and the only acceptable colours for these    %
%   stripes are white, green, red and blue.                                   %
%                                                                             %
%   The combination of these colours is subject to strict conditions. Most    %
%   importantly, no colour may be used for more than one stripe.              %
%                                                                             %
%   It is impossible to use both white and green in the flag.                 %
%                                                                             %
%   If green appears in the flag, then the upper stripe must be blue.         %
%                                                                             %
%   The flag may have a red stripe, but only if it also has a white stripe.   %
%                                                                             %
%   If the colour white is used, then the lower stripe must not be blue.      %
%                                                                             %
%   If the colour blue is used, then the upper stripe must not be red.        %
%                                                                             %
%   The flag committee receives three different design proposals, all of      %
%   which comply with the requirements. One ot them is finally accepted.      %
%   The other two have suggested the same colour for the lower stripe.        %
%                                                                             %
%   What will be the colours of the new national flag?                        %
%                                                                             %
%   Thus, there are several solutions, and one of them assigns a colour to    %
%   the lower stripe that is different from the colours assigned to the lower %
%   stripe by any other solutions. There is only one such solution, otherwise %
%   the problem would be underspecified.                                      %
%   The most natural approach is to determine all solutions and to let the    %
%   user select the correct one among them.                                   %
%   Alternatively, a system with sufficient functionality could determine     %
%   the solutions that are unique with respect to the colour of the lower     %
%   stripe.                                                                   %
%                                                                             %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Sudoku

Vyriešte sudoku pomocou ASP.

Poznámka: priamočiare zakódovanie sudoku by bolo pomocou predikátu sudoku(X,Y,N), ktorý znamená, že na súradniciach X,Y je číslo N. Tak sa ale trošku ťažšie kontroluje, či sú dve políčka v tom istom "podštvorci". Trošku jednoduchšie sa to kontroluje pri kódovaní ktoré používa predikát sudoku(Xa,Xb,Ya,Yb,N), kde 0 ≤ Xa,Xb,Ya,Yb < 3 a ktorý znamená, že N je na pozícii Xa*3+Xb, Ya*3+Yb (Xa,Ya sú vlastne súradnice podštvorca, a Xb,Yb sú súradnice v rámci toho podštvorca).

Ukážkový vstup: input.txt. input.lp a ešte aj skript txt2dlv.sh, ktorý vie prerobiť textový vstup na logický program (obidva pre prvé kódovanie). Pre druhé kódovanie input2.lp a txt2dlv2.sh.